In 2016, 25 percent of women and 39 percent of men were currently drinkers — about 2.4 billion people worldwide. Women consumed an average of 0.73 drinks a day, while men had 1.7 drinks.

　　2016年，25%的女性和39%的男性是饮酒者——全球的饮酒人数达到24亿。女性平均每天喝0.73杯酒，而男性每天喝1.7杯。

　　Rates of alcohol consumption vary widely by country, but in general the higher a country’s income level, the higher the prevalence of drinking.

　　不同国家的酒精消费量存在巨大差异，但总体来说，一个国家的收入水平越高，饮酒的流行程度也就越高。

　　The study, published in the Lancet, concluded that alcohol consumption is involved in 2.8 million deaths annually worldwide, making it the seventh leading risk factor for death and disability.

　　发表在《柳叶刀》(Lancet)杂志上的这项研究得出的结论是，全球每年有280万人死于喝酒，使其成为导致死亡和残疾的第七大风险因素。

　　Among people aged 15 to 49, alcohol use is the single most common risk factor for death and disability. In 2016, alcohol accounted for 6.8 percent of male and 2.2 percent of female deaths.

　　在15岁至49岁的人群中，喝酒是导致死亡和残疾的最常见风险因素。2016年，6.8%的男性和2.2%的女性死于酒精。

　　“The main difference between alcohol and smoking is that no one is surprised that smoking is bad,” said the lead author, Emmanuela Gakidou, a professor of health metrics sciences at the University of Washington.

　　该研究的第一作者、华盛顿大学(University of Washington)的健康计量科学教授埃马努埃拉.贾齐杜(Emmanuela Gakidou)说，“酒精和吸烟之间的主要区别是，没人会对抽烟不好感到惊讶。”

　　“But there’s a lot of surprise, even among experts, that alcohol is as bad for you as it is.”

　　“但即便是在专家当中，也有很多人惊讶酒精有害健康。”

　　Many studies and most health guidelines suggest that moderate drinking — one or two drinks a day — is safe and may even reduce the risk of heart disease, stroke or diabetes.

　　许多研究和大多数健康指南都显示，适量饮酒——一天一两杯——是安全的，甚至有可能降低心脏病、中风或糖尿病的风险。

　　But Dr. Gakidou and her colleagues found that just one drink a day for one year increases alcohol-related health problems slightly, to 918 per 100,000 people from 914 per 100,000.

　　但贾齐杜和她的同事们发现，每天喝一杯酒，一年下来，也会导致与酒精相关的健康问题轻微增加，出问题的人从每10万人当中914人增加到了918人。

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